Patali Srikhetra, Sonepur : Lord Jagannath’s Hidden Abode for 144 Years

Introduction

The 144-Year Secret of Odisha’s Hidden Srikhetra

Deep within the serene landscapes of Western Odisha, nestled at the foot of the Trikut Hills in the Sonepur district, lies a sacred site steeped in a history of peril, devotion, and divine concealment: Patali Srikhetra. This is not merely a temple but a testament to a time when the “Lord of the Universe,” Jagannath himself, had to be hidden from mortal threats. Known reverently as the “hidden abode” or “Underground Puri,” this is the place where the divine Trinity of Lord Jagannath, Lord Balabhadra, and Devi Subhadra were sheltered in secrecy for an astonishing 144 years.   

The Patali Srikhetra is located in the Kotsamalai village of the Birmaharajpur subdivision, this hallowed ground is where legend and history converge, validated by ancient chronicles and modern archaeological findings. It stands as a second, secret Srikhetra, a place that held the divine essence of Puri when the main temple faced its darkest hour.   

This article serves as the most comprehensive guide to Patali Srikhetra, Sonepur. It delves into the profound history of the great escape, deciphers the mythology that defines its sanctity, explores its archaeological wonders, and provides a complete, practical guide for pilgrims, history enthusiasts, and tourists eager to connect with this extraordinary chapter of Indian spirituality.

The Legend of Patali Srikhetra: A Divine Saga of Peril and Preservation

The story of Patali Srikhetra is immortalized in the Madala Panji, the ancient temple chronicle of the Jagannath Temple in Puri. It is a narrative that intertwines the actions of kings, the terror of invaders, and the unwavering faith of devotees who orchestrated one of the most significant events in the history of the Jagannath cult.

A. The Impending Threat: The Invasion of Raktabahu

The saga begins in a period of great political upheaval in the 8th-9th century AD. The sanctity of the Jagannath Temple in Puri, the spiritual epicenter of Odisha, was threatened by the impending invasion of a formidable foreign king referred to in the chronicles as “Raktabahu“. Described as a “Yavana” king, his military campaign was aimed at plundering the temple and desecrating the sacred idols, an act that would have struck at the very soul of the Odia kingdom.   

While the name “Raktabahu” (meaning “one with blood-red arms”) evokes a mythological image, historical analysis provides a tangible identity for this feared invader. Based on epigraphic evidence, including ancient Sanjan copper plates, the renowned historian Professor K.C. Panigrahi identified Raktabahu with the powerful Rashtrakuta monarch, King Govinda-III, who reigned from approximately 798 to 814 AD. The Sanjan plates record Govinda-III‘s successful military campaigns, which included the conquest of the Odraka region (Orissa). This scholarly connection grounds the legendary invasion in a verifiable historical conflict, transforming the story from a simple myth into a documented clash between powerful dynasties.   

B. The Great Escape: A King’s Devotion

Faced with the imminent threat of Raktabahu’s formidable army, the reigning monarch of Odisha, King Shoven Dev, made a momentous decision. To protect the divine idols from capture and destruction, he orchestrated a clandestine escape, spiriting the sacred Trinity of Jagannath, Balabhadra, and Subhadra away from the vulnerable coastal city of Puri. This act of devotion was also an act of profound political responsibility, as the safety of the deities was synonymous with the sovereignty of the kingdom.   

Just as with Raktabahu, historical research has shed light on the identity of this protector king. Shoven Dev, also referred to as Sovanadeva or Subhanadeva, is identified with Subhakaradeva-I of the Bhaumakara dynasty, who ruled during the period of the Rastrakuta invasion. This identification, supported by evidence from the Hindol plate inscription, establishes a clear timeline and credits the Bhaumakara dynasty with the preservation of Odisha’s most sacred cultural symbols. The secret journey was arduous; the deities were carefully placed in a cart and transported far from the coast, deep into the western frontiers of the kingdom, until they reached the remote and secure region of Sonepur. The chosen sanctuary was a place called Gopali, a village nestled near the protective embrace of the Trikut hills.   

C. A Century in Hiding: The Birth of Patali Srikhetra

At Gopali, the idols were carefully concealed within a subterranean cave in the Trikut Hills, where they would remain for over a century. The very name of the site, Patali Srikhetra, is derived from this act of concealment, as “Patali” in Sanskrit signifies “underground” or “hidden”. For a period widely documented as 144 years, this secret sanctum became the functioning abode of the Lord of the Universe. Some historical accounts, such as those analyzed by Professor Panigrahi, mention the duration as 146 years; such minor variations are common in ancient chronicles and do not diminish the core historical event of this prolonged divine exile.   

Throughout this long period, the deities were not merely hidden but were actively worshipped by priests and devotees who kept the sacred traditions alive in secret. This continuity of worship established the site as a living, breathing spiritual center, a true Srikhetra in exile, ensuring that the flame of the Jagannath cult never flickered, even when its most public symbol in Puri was under threat.   

D. The Divine Rediscovery: The Rise of Yayati Keshari

After 144 years, the political landscape of Odisha had transformed. The powerful Somavamsi dynasty emerged, and its greatest ruler, King Yayati Keshari I, consolidated his power and extended his rule over Utkal (coastal Odisha). Upon occupying the region, he made a startling discovery: the great temple at Puri stood empty, its sanctum devoid of its presiding deities.   

Determined to restore the kingdom’s spiritual heart, King Yayati launched a royal quest to find the lost idols. His exhaustive search eventually led him to the western highlands and the secret cave in the Trikut hills of Sonepur, where he finally rediscovered the divine Trinity. The rediscovery was a moment of immense religious and political significance. The triumphant return of the deities to Puri was organized with great ceremony. However, after nearly a century and a half of concealment, the original wooden idols were in a degraded state.   

In a move of profound importance, King Yayati Keshari commissioned the creation of new idols, performing what is considered the first historically recorded Nabakalebara—the sacred ritual of the renewal of the deities’ wooden forms. He then constructed a new temple in Puri and ceremoniously reinstalled the Trinity, an act that firmly established him as the new protector of the faith. For this monumental act of restoration, King Yayati Keshari was bestowed with the revered title of the “Second Indradyumna,” an honor that directly linked him to the legendary king who first established the Jagannath temple, thereby legitimizing the Somavamsi dynasty as the rightful heir to Odisha’s cultural and spiritual sovereignty. The entire saga, from the flight under Shoven Dev to the restoration by Yayati Keshari, illustrates how the Jagannath cult was deeply intertwined with state power, serving as the ultimate symbol of Odia identity and dynastic legitimacy.   

Spiritual and Archaeological Significance: A Confluence of Faiths

Patali Srikhetra is more than just a historical landmark; it is a vibrant spiritual center whose significance is layered with centuries of worship, syncretic traditions, and tangible archaeological proof that connects its legendary past to the present day.

A. A Cornerstone of the Jagannath Cult

For devotees of Lord Jagannath, Patali Srikhetra holds a place of immense reverence, second only to Puri itself. It is often referred to as “Gupta Srikhetra” (the Hidden Srikhetra) or the “second Srikhetra,” a place that provided divine refuge and ensured the continuity of the cult. Its history is not separate from Puri’s but is an integral part of its timeline, making it an essential pilgrimage destination for those who wish to understand the complete saga of Lord Jagannath. This deep connection is reinforced by the living traditions at the site; the rituals and festivals performed at Patali Srikhetra today are modeled closely on the ceremonies of the main temple in Puri, creating a powerful and continuous spiritual link between the two holy places.  

B. A Syncretic Holy Site: Vaishnavism, Shaktism, and Buddhism

One of the most fascinating aspects of Patali Srikhetra is its heritage as a syncretic holy site, a place where multiple religious streams have converged. While it is overwhelmingly known for its connection to Vaishnavism through Lord Jagannath, historical sources and local traditions explicitly associate the site with Shaktism and Buddhism as well. This multicultural fabric is not an anomaly but reflects the broader evolution of the Jagannath cult itself, which is believed to have originated from tribal roots and has, over centuries, assimilated elements from various faiths, including Buddhism and Tantrism.   

This connection is further strengthened by a local legend that links the site to the 8th-century king Indrabhuti of Sambala, a prominent figure in the history of Vajrayana Buddhism, who is said to have worshipped Lord Jagannath in a mountain cave in this region. The pre-existing sanctity of the location, likely as a center for Shakta and Buddhist practices, may have been a key reason why the priests from Puri chose this specific, remote hill as a safe haven. The 144-year stay of the Jagannath Trinity subsequently overlaid a powerful Vaishnava narrative onto this ancient, multi-faith spiritual landscape, a process common in the development of major pilgrimage centers across India.   

C. Archaeological Corroboration: Where Legend Meets Evidence

The legends of Patali Srikhetra, preserved for centuries in the Madala Panji, were given tangible validation in modern times through the work of archaeologists. Teams from the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) and the Odisha State Archaeology department conducted explorations at the site and unearthed compelling evidence that corroborated the historical accounts.   

Excavations in the area have revealed remnants of ancient temple structures, intricate stone inscriptions, sculptures, and various artifacts that affirm the site’s antiquity. These findings were crucial in officially testifying to the historical linkage between Patali Srikhetra in Sonepur and the main Srikhetra in Puri. The discovery of archaeological properties of “pre-historic importance” further suggests that the Trikut Hill area was a site of human activity and worship long before the arrival of the Jagannath idols, lending credence to its role as an established sacred zone. This archaeological evidence provides a firm foundation for the legends, transforming the story of Patali Srikhetra from folklore into a chapter of history written in stone.   

Exploring the Sacred Grounds: A Visitor’s Guide to Patali Srikhetra

A visit to Patali Srikhetra offers a unique journey through layers of history, spirituality, and nature. The modern complex, developed to honor its sacred past, coexists with the ancient, raw landscape that once sheltered the divine.

A. The Modern Jagannath Temple

At the heart of the pilgrimage site today stands a newly constructed Jagannath temple, which serves as the primary center for worship and daily rituals. This temple continues the long-standing traditions of Jagannath worship, with rituals that mirror those performed in Puri. The idols of Lord Jagannath, Lord Balabhadra, and Devi Subhadra that are currently enshrined within the temple were graciously provided by the Puri temple administration, with records indicating their arrival in 2007 and formal installation in 2011.   

The development of the modern site has been a significant undertaking, underscored by the involvement of revered figures such as the Gajapati Maharaja of Puri, Dibyasingha Deb, and the late legendary sculptor, Padma Vibhushan Raghunath Mohapatra, who was roped in to create the design for the new temple. Their participation highlights the official recognition of Patali Srikhetra’s profound importance within the Jagannath tradition.   

B. The Ancient Caves of Trikut Hill

For many visitors, the true spiritual essence of Patali Srikhetra lies in the ancient caves of Trikut Hill. These natural rock shelters are believed to be the very sanctums where the divine Trinity was hidden for 144 years. While the main worship now takes place in the new temple, these caves remain the historical and emotional heart of the site.

Pilgrims and history enthusiasts are drawn to their serene and mystical atmosphere, a tangible connection to a past where faith endured in the face of adversity. Exploring these caves offers a moment of quiet reflection, allowing one to imagine the secret rituals and unwavering devotion that sustained the Jagannath cult through its most challenging period.   

C. The Natural Splendor of Kotsamalai

Beyond its immense religious significance, Patali Srikhetra is blessed with breathtaking natural beauty. The entire complex is set against the backdrop of the Trikut Hill and the lush, verdant forests of the Kotsamalai region. The tranquil environment, fresh air, and gorgeous scenery make it a perfect destination for spiritual seekers, nature lovers, and families alike.   

The area is also a popular picnic destination for locals, offering a peaceful escape from the bustle of city life. The hilly terrain provides opportunities for scenic trekking and photography, allowing visitors to immerse themselves in the serene landscape. Adding to the region’s charm is the nearby    

Thengo Reservoir Project, an irrigation dam located at the back of Kotsamalai Hill, which has become another attraction for tourists seeking scenic beauty and tranquility. 

Festivals and Rituals: The Living Traditions of Patali Srikhetra

The spiritual life of Patali Srikhetra is vibrant and active, marked by daily worship and grand annual festivals that reinforce its deep-rooted connection to the traditions of Puri.

A. Ratha Yatra: A Grand Celebration in the Puri Tradition

The most significant festival celebrated at Patali Srikhetra is the annual Ratha Yatra, or Chariot Festival. This event is not a small, local affair but a grand celebration conducted with great fanfare, meticulously following the rituals and traditions of the world-famous Puri Ratha Yatra. Three magnificent chariots, one for each of the deities—Lord Jagannath, Lord Balabhadra, and Devi Subhadra—are constructed for the procession. 

A key ritual that highlights the site’s esteemed status is the chhera pahanra, the ceremonial sweeping of the chariot platforms with a golden broom. In a tradition that directly mirrors the ceremony in Puri where the Gajapati King performs this service, the District Collector of Sonepur  performs the chhera pahanra at Patali Srikhetra. This act solidifies its identity as a parallel Srikhetra and draws thousands of devotees who gather to pull the sacred chariots and receive the blessings of the deities.   

B.Daily Worship and Temple Timings

The spiritual pulse of Patali Srikhetra is maintained through a schedule of daily worship. The temple is open to the public every day from 6:00 AM to 7:00 PM. Throughout the day, a series of rituals (nitis) are performed by the priests, which closely resemble the complex daily seva of the Puri temple. These include daily food offerings ( bhoga) and aarti (lamp offering) ceremonies, which structure the day around the worship of the divine Trinity. While a minute-by-minute schedule specific to Patali Srikhetra is not published, the rituals are understood to follow the traditional template established at Puri, which includes rites such as the morning ablutions (  Abakasha), various food offerings from breakfast (Gopala Ballav Bhoga) to the final night offering (Badasinghara Bhoga), and the adornment of the deities (Besha).   

Your Complete Travel Planner for Patali Srikhetra and Sonepur

Planning a pilgrimage or a tourist visit to this historic site is a rewarding experience. This section provides all the practical information needed to organize your trip seamlessly.

 

How to Reach Patali Srikhetra

The site is located in a relatively remote part of Odisha, but is accessible via road from the district headquarters of Sonepur.

• By Air: The two main airports for reaching the region are Veer Surendra Sai Airport (VSS) in Jharsuguda, approximately 128 km away, and Biju Patnaik International Airport (BBI) in Bhubaneswar, about 258 km away. Raipur Airport (RPR) in Chhattisgarh is also an alternative. From the airport, you will need to continue your journey by train or road.   
• By Train: The nearest major railway station has traditionally been Balangir (BLGR), located around 112 km from the site. However, with the recent extension of the rail line,    

  Sonepur (SNPU) now has its own railway station, which is served by the 12893 Bhubaneswar – Sonepur Intercity SF Express. This provides direct and convenient access to the district headquarters.   
• By Road: Sonepur town is well-connected by National Highway 57 to major cities like Bhubaneswar, Sambalpur, and Raipur. Regular bus services operate to Sonepur from these cities. From Sonepur town, Patali Srikhetra is approximately 60-68 km away and can be reached by hiring a local taxi or an auto-rickshaw.   

Accommodation: Where to Stay

Since Patali Srikhetra is located in a rural setting, accommodation options are primarily available in the nearby towns of Sonepur and Birmaharajpur.

• In Sonepur Town: This is the best option for most travelers, offering a range of budget to mid-range hotels. Popular choices include Hotel the Moon, Hotel Progress Inn, and Roop Residency.   
• In Birmaharajpur: For those seeking to stay closer to the temple, the town of Birmaharajpur has basic lodging services, such as Nilkamal Lodge and Annapurna Lodge. These offer more modest amenities but are convenient for an early morning visit to the temple.   

Beyond the Hidden Abode: Exploring the Treasures of Sonepur District

A trip to Patali Srikhetra provides a wonderful opportunity to explore the rich cultural and natural heritage of the Sonepur district, often called the “Second Varanasi of India” for its density of ancient temples.   

Pancharatha Temple: The Chariot of the Gods

Located in the heart of Sonepur town, the Pancharatha Temple is an architectural marvel. Its unique design resembles a chariot (ratha), reminiscent of the famous Sun Temple at Konark. The complex features five distinct temples constructed on a single platform, dedicated to Lord Shiva, Goddess Parvati, Lord Ganesh, Lord Kartikeya, and Nandi. It is believed to have been built by King Birmitra Singhdeo in memory of his son.   

Lankeswari Temple: The Island Shrine of the Mahanadi

Offering one of the most stunning sights in Sonepur, the Lankeswari Temple is situated on a small island in the middle of the mighty Mahanadi River. Its mythology is deeply connected to the region’s ancient name, “Paschima Lanka” (Western Lanka), with Goddess Lankeswari as its presiding deity. Accessible only by boat, a visit to this temple is a serene and memorable experience. The temple is open from 6:00 AM to 5:30 PM, but it is best to visit during the dry season as it can be partially submerged during the monsoon.   

Bhima Bhoi Samadhi Pitha: The Seat of a Mystic Poe

Located in the village of Khaliapali, about 16-30 km from Sonepur, is the Bhima Bhoi Samadhi Pitha, a major pilgrimage center for the Mahima Dharma faith. The site is the final resting place of the 19th-century blind saint-poet Bhima Bhoi, whose devotional poetry and social reforms left an indelible mark on Odisha’s spiritual landscape. The  Samadhi Mandir (also called Sunya Mandir or “Temple of the Void”) is the focal point of the ashram. The site comes alive during the annual Magha Mela festival, which attracts thousands of followers.   

Conclusion: A Pilgrimage Through Time, Faith, and Devotion

Patali Srikhetra is far more than a destination; it is a profound journey into the heart of faith’s resilience. It is a place where history is not just read in books but is felt in the silent reverence of its ancient caves and the vibrant chants of its modern temple. The 144-year saga of concealment and rediscovery is a powerful testament to the unwavering devotion that defines the Jagannath cult and the cultural identity of Odisha.   

A visit to this sacred land offers a unique blend of spiritual solace, historical discovery, and natural beauty. It is an invitation to walk through a living history, to stand on the ground where the Lord of the Universe once took shelter, and to witness a story of preservation that has ensured the continuity of one of India’s most cherished religious traditions. To journey to Patali Srikhetra is to make a pilgrimage through time itself—a journey of faith, devotion, and unforgettable discovery.   

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the history behind Patali Srikhetra?

A: Patali Srikhetra is famous as the place where the idols of Lord Jagannath, Balabhadra, and Subhadra from Puri were kept hidden for 144 years during the 9th-century invasion of an invader named Raktabahu. The then king, Shoven Dev, moved the idols to this secret cave in Sonepur to protect them. They were later rediscovered by King Yayati Keshari and reinstalled in Puri.   

Q2: For how long were the Jagannath idols hidden in Sonepur?

A: It is widely believed that the idols of Lord Jagannath and his siblings were hidden in the caves of Trikut Hill at Patali Srikhetra for a period of 144 years. Some historical chronicles mention the period as 146 years.   

Q3: Where is Patali Srikhetra located?

A: Patali Srikhetra is located at the foot of Trikut Hill in Kotsamalai village, which is in the Birmaharajpur subdivision of the Subarnapur (Sonepur) district in Odisha, India.   

Q4: How can I travel from Bhubaneswar to Patali Srikhetra?

A: You can travel from Bhubaneswar to Sonepur town by train (BBS-SNPU Intercity Express) or by an overnight bus. From Sonepur town, which is about 60-68 km away, you can hire a local taxi to reach Patali Srikhetra.  

Q5: What is the best time of year to visit Patali Srikhetra?

A: You can visit Patali Srikhetra at any time of the year. The weather is most pleasant between October and March. A special time to visit is during the annual Ratha Yatra (Chariot Festival), which is celebrated with great enthusiasm.   

Q6: What are the temple timings for Patali Srikhetra?

A: The Patali Srikhetra temple is open for devotees every day from 6:00 AM in the morning to 7:00 PM in the evening.